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... in Afghanistan or at home.
Why Do They Hate Us?
It has everything to do with U.S. policy.
Qatar stops making sense.
Creeping Authoritarianism.
Back Talk
Y'all enjoying the war?
Appall-o-Meter
With "economic stimulus," Republicans reward their most loyal constituents.
Arms reduction doesn't mask race toward missile defense.
Arrested Development
Brits crack down on civil liberties.
Truth Before Freedom
Death Row inmate turns down state's attorney's offer
In Person
Diane Wilson: An unreasonable woman.
Art and lies.
Words for an Afterlife
Tahar Djaout's Last Summer of Reason.
Art and Shadow
Death and painting in Orhan Pamuk's Istanbul.
Salman Rushdie does New York.
Lost in Transit
V.S. Naipaul's comic journey.
The Corrections of Jonathan Franzen.
The Lonely Tribune
Victor Serge's revolution.
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November 21, 2001
The Stories We Tell Ourselves
ll around, invading the senses, aggressive media solemnity just wont
let up. Its only getting stranger during the holidays, as patriotic war
dovetails with patriotic shopping. The posture of grave high-mindednessfrom
politicians, pundits and minor celebrities alikeis difficult to take seriously,
because on September 10 these people were deeply unserious themselves. And on
September 12, having plumbed the depths of their souls, the best they could
come up with were exhortations to renew faith in God and money while the war
machine readied itselfor else the terrorists have already won. Go to the mall to revive the economy, go to church to revive the nations
soul; the two, after all, are one and the same. Simulated gravitas is worse
than straightforward triviality, and when demonstrable ignoramuses claim, overnight,
to be experts on Afghan history, culture and geography, one almost longs for
O.J. and Monica to come back and rescue us from the new seriousness. Leon Wieseltier, literary editor at The New Republic, got it right when
he wrote: No doubt about it, seriousness is in. So it is worth remembering
that there are large swaths of American society in which seriousness was never
out. Wieseltier is not alone in chafing at the presumption and arrogance
of media banality, which, desperately and pathetically, has been trying its
hardest to be unbanal. Many of us, across the political spectrum, share Wieseltiers
conviction that a thoughtful life is not premised on an experience of
catastrophe, except for the exceedingly thoughtless. ut alas, poor Leon, the plague extends as well to you. Among the major critics,
literary censoriousness has been reaching a loud and boorish pitch. For a lamentable
example, see one of the stars in Wieseltiers regular crew, the critic
James Wood. Responding in Londons Guardian to an article by novelist Jay
McInerney in the same newspaper, Wood seized the opportunity to cut down an
obviously vain author (ever the easy target, McInerney couldnt stop name-dropping
actresses and famous friends even as lower Manhattan burned). McInerneys
dispatch was surely unfortunate, but Woods real target wasnt just
New York vanityit was the entire enterprise of modern literature itself,
from Don DeLillo to Zadie Smith. Wood is usually smarter and a lot less reckless. After first announcing an
obligatory wearinessone is naturally suspicious of all the eschatological
talk about how the time for trivia has ended, and how only seriousness is on
peoples mindshe almost immediately abused this disclaimer
with a humorless instruction to all novelists that the time for glitter and
ephemera is now over. Rushdie and babies who play air guitar? Out. Pynchon and
talking dogs? Out. Infinite jests of any kind? Out, out, out! Is it time then for retrenchment to a plain style of unadorned sentences and
no-nonsense settings? Perhaps, but only if the temptations of the Great
American Social Novel are resisted, along with any attempts to explain
society. Wood argues for the aesthetic, for the contemplative, for novels
that tell us not how the world works but how somebody felt
about something. Now, I love a good, contemplative, phantasm-free novel as much as the next
reader. But why deny all other genres of fiction? From Woods screed, youd
never know that Pynchon et al. are in fact very much concerned with how humans
feel and the condition of humanity in general, a fact obvious to all but the
most emotionally obtuse carper. Why such hostility to different modes of thinking
and writing? Whats so bad about a talking dog? telling explanation of this mindset can be found with Woods main stateside
editor. I cheer Wieseltiers analyses of the superstitions of the Rev.
Billy Graham and Oprah Winfrey, but he goes over the edge toward a sanctimoniousness
of his own. Heres what I mean. In The New Yorker, John Updike described his view
of the mortally wounded World Trade Center: Smoke speckled with bits of
paper curled into the cloudless sky, and strange inky rivulets ran down the
giant structures vertically corrugated surface. And after the fall:
Amid the glittering impassivity of the many buildings across the East
River, an empty spot had appeared, as if by electronic command, beneath the
sky that, but for the sulfurous cloud streaming south toward the ocean, was
pure blue, rendered uncannily pristine by the absence of jet trails. Updikes remembrance contrasts the raw horror with eerie beauty, a nauseating
juxtaposition that millions experienced as well: So why not write about it?
Why not widen the perspective with sensibility? Say what you will about overly
precious New Yorker writers, but Updike hit the right notes that time. In Wieseltiers view, however, its not a question of hitting the
right notes, or any notes at all. When it most counts, he is against the music
of prose itself. He accuses Updike of trying to make devastation pretty, as
if the small miracle of finding words for experience, no matter how traumatizing,
is a sinas if, even more profanely, prettiness were the same as beauty.
I do not doubt the evidence of the writers eyes, Wieseltier
croaked, the weather was indeed sadistically beautiful. But why is he
writing about the weather? It was a deathscape that lay before him. There are
circumstances in which beauty is an obstacle to truth. Wieseltier ought to know better. This major flaw in his thinking exposes a
discomfort with truth itself, which, as Keats said, is indeed synonymous with
beautywhich aint always pretty. And if Yeats had been around on
that day, he might have declared that another terrible beauty is born,
no doubt earning dour rebukes. Here is evidence of a fundamental and scary problem
in the culture. A casual blindness to beautywhether in the form of comedy
or tragedy, creation or destruction, whimsy or horroris blindness to humanity
itself, including its problems. These small but daily aversions add up. Subtly and cumulatively, they grow
around ones periphery until there is nothing left to see through but the
narrowest of tunnels. A lack of beauty leads to a lack of emotional intelligence:
to the point where an entire nation can be outraged that 6,000 people were murdered
on September 11, but not be equally outraged that, on the very same day, 24,000
people starved to deathand continue to do so each and every day. Is mass
death the price of moral philistinism? You tell me whether a culture that really
valued the truth would permit that kind of daily slaughter by supply and demand. ne of Wieseltiers predecessors at the old, more humane New Republic,
the estimable Malcolm Cowley, wrote a very satisfying little book about his
adventures in Europe during the 20s, profiling the lost generation
of American writers. Looking back, he was acutely cognizant of, even embarrassed
by, his generations excesses, their vanities and foibles. But he also
had the maturity to see the value of taking personal or literary chances: It seems to me now that many characters in the story, myself included, did
very foolish thingsbut perhaps the young writers of the present age arent
young or foolish enough. ... Moreover, there is this to say about the foolishness
of writers in the 1920s, that even the worst of it caused no suffering except
to the perpetrators of the foolishness and their immediate families. It wasnt
like the statesmens high-principle foolishness of later years, in all
countries, which has left them in office while bringing the rest of us to the
brink of something we arent prepared to face. Cowley wrote that in 1951, when the threat of global annihilation was still
newand no matter how much the fantasy of American political life and culture
tries to wish it away, that distinct possibility still has not vanished. But while a mad world spins on lies, writers merely try to tell a story. Theres
something funny about literature: If it works, it has a way of opening up new
vistas of common humanity, experience and endeavor, whether that was the authors
intention or not (usually its not). But if the novel doesnt work,
if it rings false instead of true, its merely a bad novel, thats
all. A bad novel cannot be put to any usenot even as propaganda, for then
it appears to everyone as doubly ridiculous. There is no equal and opposite
reaction to bad literature, as there is in so much else of the universe. We can tell ourselves stories, with nothing to lose and everything to gain,
or we can tell ourselves lies, with existence itself at stake. There is a vital
difference. In that spirit, In These Times offers the following six essays
about five contemporary storytellers, and one from a bygone era. The approach
is anything but comprehensive. The critics assembled here have some informed
ideas about fiction, about what works and what doesnt. But just remember,
were only human. Joe Knowles is culture editor of In These Times. |