The War on Education—in Gaza and at Home

The congressional grilling of university presidents over alleged campus antisemitism in December, and the ensuing ​“affair” that led to the ouster of former Harvard University President Claudine Gay, were illustrative of this new alliance. They demonstrated how slandering solidarity as antisemitism can undermine student campaigns against institutional complicity and divert attention from the United States’ pivotal role in enabling mass murder. This is glaringly evident if we compare the attention lavished by the New York Times on Gay’s citational practice with the paper’s consistent unwillingness to probe Israeli propaganda. 

But what the hearings also revealed is how repression of Palestine solidarity helps advance the culture war agenda of the U.S. far Right, enlisting liberal elites in its campaign to purge critical and liberatory perspectives from the curricula and undo the uneven institutional gains made by minoritized groups. As historian and political theorist Nikhil Pal Singh told me, the backlash against pro-Palestinian student movements ​“is triggering a clear rightward movement” in the political mainstream, thanks largely to right-wing operatives who have ​“weaponiz[ed] the type of free speech and colorblind discourse that has always been more effective and appealing to centrist liberals than overtly racist and authoritarian appeals.” Right-wing anti-diversity activist Christopher Rufo’s crude playbook for peeling mainstream liberalism away from an anti-colonial and socialist Left shows he’s not unfamiliar with this insight. As he declared on October 13 on X (formerly Twitter), ​“Conservatives need to create a strong association between Hamas, BLM, DSA, and academic ​‘decolonization’ in the public mind. Connect the dots, then attack, delegitimize, and discredit. Make the center-left disavow them. Make them political untouchables.”

The strategy has been simple but effective. The demonization of critical race theory (CRT) that marked Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis’s efforts to bring Orbánism to the Sunshine State has more recently pivoted to a systematic campaign against diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) in universities, public administration and business. As Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor astutely observed, DEI has proved a better target than CRT, bypassing academic abstractions and appealing to core claims of ​“unfairness” that mobilize a Right organized around grievance politics. The Right’s recent work to associate diversity with antisemitism only draws more people into the tent, including those who have always been quick to berate anti-Zionist activists of color for ​“betraying” Jewish allies. 

The history of tarring anti-Zionism with the brush of antisemitism to target and undermine liberation politics — from SNCC and Black Power all the way to queer thought—is long and repetitious. As the journalism scholar A.J. Bauer recently noted, the ​“Palestine Scare,” like the anti-communist ​“Red Scares” before it, allows the Right to police the borders of liberalism, and to conscript centrists into its anti-emancipatory project. 

At Harvard, with Bill Ackman, as at the University of Pennsylvania, with Marc Rowan, the open interference of donors has played no small role in recent events. Gloating over his role in Gay’s unseating, Rufo proclaimed that his own ​“narrative leverage” required not just the ​“political leverage” of those like Rep. Elise Stefanik — the New York Republican who led the congressional interrogation of Gay and two other university presidents — but also the ​“financial leverage” of the Ackmans. In the past few years, ​“red” states have used the public purse to coerce state universities into quashing diversity initiatives and curbing the teaching of ​“divisive concepts” like race. But as NYU professor Rebecca Karl told me, the fact that this pressure is now being replicated at private universities through donor and trustee influence represents a ​“huge intensification, deepening and widening of the incursions” into academic freedom. 

The repression of Palestine solidarity is at the heart of this shift. As Harvard historian Walter Johnson noted, in a reflection tellingly titled ​“Living Inside a Psyop,” the ​“interlocked campaign of financial, political, and reputational attacks on dissidents in American universities is seemingly designed to secure the inter-generational transfer of unquestioned support for Israel by producing object lessons illustrating the costs of speaking out.” 

It’s ironic, if unsurprising, that this is taking place through the targeting of administrative diversity initiatives that critical scholars have long diagnosed not as Trojan horses for Marxist subversion but as devices for the ​“elite capture” of the radical movements. When diversity programs emerged within U.S. colleges and universities, explains Roderick Ferguson, author of the 2017 book We Demand: The University and Student Protests, it was amid an era of economic expansion, wherein corporations sought to ​“refashion themselves” according to the pressures of social movements: ​“to present as diversity-friendly” without supporting redistributive politics that could actually correct social inequalities. Now, however, diversity is falling out of fashion among certain sectors of the capitalist elite. And, as in Gay’s high-profile case, university diversity officers and administrators whose remit was not at all radical are now being maligned, often in racist and sexist terms, for betraying the vocation of their elite institutions. 

Rufo’s invidious association of BLM and Hamas indicates that the culture war Right’s aim is to opportunistically fuse backlash against Palestine solidarity with its preexisting campaigns against anti-racist and anti-colonial movements. It’s an economical strategy, given both the genuine and longstanding links between these movements for liberation, and the ease with which centrist elites can be drawn into the unqualified defense of Zionism.

Crucial in recruiting centrists into these twin campaigns is a deep vein of anti-intellectualism. For the Right it takes the conspiratorial form of jeremiads — frequently antisemitic themselves — against ​“Cultural Marxism” and its American offspring, from ​“gender ideology” to intersectionality, which former Republican Senator and now University of Florida President Ben Sasse has improbably depicted as ​“a religious cult that’s dominated higher education for nearly a decade with the shallow but certain idea that power structures are everything.” 

We should not underestimate how much a phobia of ​“theory” serves to cement the convergence between the far Right and the center when it comes to the politics of academic life. The attack on DEI is not just a thinly veiled vehicle for historic resentments against affirmative action and the political legacies animating Black, ethnic or gender studies departments. DEI is now explicitly presented as the enabler of anti-Zionist and pro-Palestine agitation on campuses (what Stefanik grotesquely misrepresented as calls for genocide) through the mediation of curriculum. 

This narrative draws on older liberal ideologies while ultimately doing the work of the culture war Right. Witness an editorial penned by former Harvard Dean Harry R. Lewis, pointedly titled ​“Reaping What We Have Taught.” Lewis claims that ​“unapologetic antisemitism” (by which I presume he means calls for Palestinian freedom and an end to Israeli violence) is the result of how faculty ​“teachings are exploited by malign actors.” His evidence? Online searches revealing that the words ​“decolonize,” ​“oppression,” ​“liberation,” ​“intersectionality,” ​“social justice” and so on appear in the titles of numerous Harvard courses, testifying to a corruption of the curriculum by the ​“recent fashions of the progressive left.” 

It’s revealing that ideas stemming from liberation and decolonization struggles more than half a century old should be declared ​“recent fashions,” when one might ask instead why they took so long to receive a scholarly hearing. But the right-wing perception that critical theory has corrupted elite universities is now echoed by centrist media as well, with The Atlantic blaming the ​“academic jargon” of ​“settler colonialism” for popularizing comparisons between the oppression of indigenous people in Palestine and North America. 

Frameworks like settler colonialism and intersectionality — which are not holy writ on the anti-racist and anti-colonial Left — have served, at their best, to bridge the demands of scholarship and the energies of activism. Conveniently ignoring their own politicization of academia, militant conservatives and their liberal allies denounce the scholar-activist as a dangerous chimera. As the communication theorist Moira Weigel has irreverently shown, right and center can come together not by developing theories about their adversaries but by condemning theory altogether. If we think of the ways in which superficial or misleading references to settler colonialism, intersectionality or decolonization have been enlisted in the conjoined campaigns against DEI and Palestine solidarity, Weigel’s conclusions resonate: ​“Theory is good to hate with because the performance of hating theory defines the community engaging in it as empirical or natural, beyond debate, a fact.” This ​“community” is now bringing together liberals and conservatives who might otherwise not see themselves as sharing common ground.

We are witnessing the emergence of an ideologically incoherent but politically effective bloc around the repression of Palestine solidarity on North American campuses, straddling the militant Right and the liberal center. It disproportionately targets people of color and anti-Zionist Jews. It reveals the powerful uses to which anti-intellectualism can be put; how reactionary alliances can be built around the idea that institutions of higher learning are breeding grounds of seditious conduct. It’s no surprise that the emergence of broad coalitions of young people refusing complicity with imperialism, dispossession and genocide are being met with a reconfiguration in the actions and discourses of power elites toward universities; half a century after the student revolts of the 1960s and ​’70s, higher ed institutions remain crucial ideological battlefields. It seems that from Wall Street to Congress many are still muttering, like Richard Nixon on the Watergate tapes, ​“The professors are the enemy.” 

In the shadow of the ongoing scholasticide in Palestine, these new coalitions between right-wingers and centrists will require that progressive forces use both analytical vigilance and strategic intelligence, as the terms of the liberal order fray and contentious politics takes centerstage in academic life and beyond.